Abrading wheel



Nov. 19, 1929. A. s. MOSHER ABRADING WHEEL Filed Feb. '7, 1928 Patented Nov. 19, 1929 UNITED STATES ALBERT G. MOSHER, 0F SYRACUSE, NEW YORK ABRADI'NG WHEEL Application filed February 7, 1928. Serial No. 252,591.

This invention relates to improvement in abrading wheels, designed for grinding and polishing metal.

In machine shop practice, steel and other hard metal parts, especially for instruments of precision, gears and other parts that are operated under frictional contact, the bearing surfaces of the parts areusually ground, by means of emery, or other'abrading wheels, the said wheels being operated at extremely high speed, in order to perform the grinding and polishing work rapidly and smoothly. The abrading wheels are naturally gritty and produce intense heat at the points of contact with the metals. It has been found that when these wheelsare employed for grinding relatively broad and flat surfaces, said surfaces become so highly heated as to frequently cause checking or cracking, thereby rendering the parts unsuited for close and accurate bearings, and the like. These surface cracks, while scarcely visible to the naked eye, themselves tend to abrade and wear away the surfaces of the bearings, and soon impair the mechanism. The only remedy thus far found for this trouble has been to reduce the speed of the grinding wheels. This not only lowers production but tends to lessen the efficiency and accuracy of the work.

It is an object of the present invention to remedy the aforesaid trouble, and to this end, I provise an abrading wheel, which is arranged to produce a continuous blast of air that is directed to the points of contact of the abrading wheel with the work. This is accomplished by cutting or otherwise forming in the abrading surface of the wheel, a

plurality of regularly spaced radial grooves or kerfs, which not only tend to reduce the ten'iperature of the wheel, but also simulate the blades of a fan, and produce currents or blasts of air, that are sufficiently strong to prevent over-heating and checking or cracking of the ground surface.

The abrading wheel may be formed with a V-shaped periphery, wherein the angular grinding faces are arranged at right angles to each other, and are especially suited for grinding the hubs and back faces or shoulders of pinions, or any part having finish surfaces which are arranged at similar angles. The wheel may also be made with a fiat abrading face adapted for grinding plane surfaces, and the said face, at regular intervals in its circumference, may be formed with similar radial grooves or kerfs, that are preferably located near the lateral sides of the wheel,- and extend inwardly toward the medial portion of the grinding face. The kerfs of the opposite sides of the wheels are preferably staggered, so as to minimize the danger of the wheel bursting or wobbling while being rotated at high speed, or under relatively great pressure.

I attain these objects by the means set forth in the detailed description which follows, and as illustrated by the accompanying drawing, in which,

Figure 1 is a front side elevation of the abrading wheel, showing the radial Ventilating grooves. Fig. 2 is an edge view of the same, with a portion broken away to show the shape and depth of one of the radial grooves; also showing the opposing angular grinding faces. Fig. 8 is a rcarside elevation of the wheel. Fig. 4 is a view, showing the wheel in the act of simultaneously grinding the back and hub of a pinion. Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively an edge and a side elevation of a plain flat-face grinding wheel or disc, showing radial grooves formed in the opposite sides that extend in staggered relation part- I way across the abrading face.

In the drawing, 2 represents an emery or other abrading wheel having a central opening 2 for mounting the wheel upon a driving shaft, the opposite sides 2 2 of the wheel being arranged in parallel planes. The periphery of wheel 2 is preferably formed V-shaped (see Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4), for providing similar angular abrading faces, as 3 and 4, thereby suiting the wheel for simultaneously grinding surfaces whose planes are atright angle to each other, as best seen in Fig. 4, wherein the wheel 2 is shown in the act of grinding the plane back 5 of a pinion 5, with the abrading surface 3, while the abrading face 4 is grinding the cylindrical hub 5 of the gear. In the example illustrated, the surface 5 of the gear being fiat and relatively broad, the contact of the wheel a current of air, the other angular grinding with the back 5' is considerably greater than face of the V-shaped periphery being disposed that of the abrading surface 4 with the hub 5". This discrepancy'will be readily appreciated'when it is understood that both the hub 5 and the grinding surface 4, being circular, the area of contact between the parts is extremely narrow, and therefore the tendency of the wheel to overheat the surface of the hub is very slight. On the other hand, the grinding surface 3 also being circular, while the surface 5 of the pinion is flat, the area of contact is increased. and the friction created is relatively greater and therefore the tendency of the surface 5 to become overheated is correspondingly greater. In practice, it has been found that surfaces such as indicated at 5, frequently become impaired by cracking or checking, as explained. To remedy this defect or trouble. I form the grinding surface 3, for example, with a number of spaced radial grooves, as 6, which extend aerossthe angular face?) and then part-way across the adjacent plain side 2 The grooves 6 are spaced ordinarily a few inches apart, and their bottoms are preferably curved as shown in the section portion of Fig. 2. This frequent interruption of the grinding surface 3, by the grooves 6, in practice, generates sufficiently strong blasts of air at the points where the abrading is being effected to prevent the overheating of the surface 5' and the consequent cracking or checking of the said surface. The kerfs 6 also tend to collect the abrading dust in the vicinity of the grinding and carry the loose particles of grit and dust clear of the work, where the kerfs become selfcleaned by centrifugal force.

In Figs. 5. and 6 is shown a wheel 2, having a flat peripheral or abrading face 2, such as commonly employed for grinding plane surfaces generally. In order to enable the wheel 2 to be operated at its normal high speed upon surfaces that are relatively broad and fiat without overheating the work, I form the opposite sides as well as the adjacent periphoral or grinding face 2 with a staggered arrangement of radial grooves, as shown at 6'.

. Having thus described my invention, What I claim, is

An 'abrading wheel for grinding the hubs and backs of pinions or like angularly related parts, having side faces and a V-shaped periphery, one of the angular grinding faces of which V-shaped periphery is formed to engage the back of the pinion and is provided with a series of spaced radial grooves which extend thereacross and for a substantial distance into the adjacent side face of the wheel, so that the ends of the grooves in said side face of the wheel terminate at a distance from the back of the pinion, said grooves being of such depth and width and being located at such spaced distances apart so as to produce at right angles to the rst named angular grinding face and formed to engage the hub.

In testimony whereof I atfix my signature.

ALBERT G. MOSHER. 

